Multi-Item Scale:

Item Text:

Different Answer Format Tested:

Findings:

The majority of the respondents answered item 2 with “Never true” (n = 6) or “Sometimes true” (n= 3) and explained that they perceive the situations mentioned in the item as positive rather than negative or would only avoid them in certain cases. There were no differences in terms of the respondents' gender:

• “I actually think competitions are cool, I enjoy them. In sport, for example. And I often participate in lessons too.” (TP07, 9 years old, 4th grade, answer: Never true)
• “I really enjoy giving presentations, for example. And I don't see competitions as something where you're judged, but rather as something where you can prove yourself.” (TP03, 12 years old, 7th grade, answer: Never true)
• “So my understanding is that if I speak up in class, I'm afraid of saying something wrong. That's sometimes true.” (TP06, 9 years old, 4th grade, answer: Sometimes true)
• “Actually, I don't really avoid these situations, just sometimes. I was thinking about oral grades, for example, speaking up in math class.” (TP02, 11 years old, 6th grade, answer: Sometimes true)

Respondent 04 (10 years old, 5th grade) chose the answer option “Often true” and explained that she would find some of the situations given as examples unpleasant, but not others. When answering the item, she referred to those situations that she tries to avoid:

• TP04: “I don't always try to avoid these situations, but more often. For example, when someone wants to race me. Or situations in general where someone says, 'I bet I can do better than you'.”
• INT: “But you said you like to speak up in class?”
• TP04: “Yes, but you're not judged there. They don't say 'you're so bad', they just say 'that's right' or 'that's wrong'.”

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