*Note: This item was tested in German. This is an English translation of the original German wording. The translation does not correspond exactly to the wording in the English PIAAC source questionnaire.*
Questions 1 and 2 are filter questions for question 4. They were therefore not tested. In order to obtain more detailed information about the origin and duration for which the test persons already live in Germany, they were asked from which country they or their parents came and when they came to Germany. The answers to questions 1 and 2 are presented together below.
Question Text:
Were you born in Germany? [Sind Sie in Deutschland geboren?]
Answer Categories:
Yes [Ja]
No [Nein]
Recommendations:
Question: No changes recommended.
Answer options: No changes recommended.
Cognitive Techniques:
General Probing
Findings for Question:
Eleven test persons stated in question 1 that they were born in Germany. Four test persons (TP 04, 06, 08 and 11) were born abroad. They thus represent first-generation migrants and were also given question 4 ("attachment to German culture") in the further course of the cognitive interview.
Test person 04: born in Italy; parents come from China; in Germany since 2003
Test person 06: born in France; in Germany since 1981
Test person 08: born in Poland; the mother comes from Poland, the father from France; in Germany since 1989
Test person 11: born in Turkey; in Germany since 1992
Second generation migrants - if both parents were not born in Germany - include test person 09 whose mother is from Serbia and whose father is from Kosovo or Montenegro. The information on question 2 also shows that the father of test person 02 was born in Italy, but the mother is German. By definition, she does not count as a person with a migrant background.
A total of three test persons have more than two cultural backgrounds, either because they were born abroad but not in the country of their parents (SP 04) or because their parents come from different countries (TP 08, 09). In such a constellation, it may be difficult to answer question 3, in which the test persons should refer to the parents' culture of origin (see question 3).
